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Herod Antipas in Galilee/Ирод Антипа в Галилее


Год: 2006
Автор: Morten Horning Jensen/Мортен Хорнинг Дженсен
Жанр: История
Издательство: Mohr Siebeck
ISBN: 9783161489679
Язык: Английский
Формат: DjVu
Качество: Отсканированные страницы
Интерактивное оглавление: Да
Количество страниц: 332
Описание: In this excellent, thoroughly-researched and thoughtful study, Jensen aims to steer a path between these divergent views, and to provide a way out of what has become a scholarly impasse. Jensen''s study is a model of sober scholarship. This is a fine study that will undoubtedly become the standard discussion of Antipas for some time to come.

В этом замечательном и содержательном исследовании Дженсен стремится проложить свой путь меж разнообразными мнениями и найти выход из научного тупика. Работа Дженсен пример трезвого научного подхода. Она бессомненно со временем станет стандартом в исследовании об Антипе.

Acknowledgements 6
Table of Contents 8
Abbreviations and Preliminary Remarks 12
Tables and Figures 14
Part I: Settings 15
Chapter 1. Approaching Herod Antipas 16
1.1 All Roads Lead to Galilee 16
1.1.1 Historical Jesus Research 18
1.1.2 Four Important Issues 18
1.2 Urban-Rural Relations - Conflict or Harmony? 22
1.2.1 Two Pictures of Galilee 22
1.2.2 ‘A Picture of Harmony’ - Reciprocal Urban-Rural Relations 23
1.2.3 ‘A Picture of Conflict’ - Parasitic Urban-Rural Relations 29
1.2.4 The Question of Sociological Models 43
1.3 Research on Herod Antipas 48
1.3.1 German Research of the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century 48
1.3.2 Popular Scholarly Works 51
1.3.3 Recent Research on Antipas 53
Chapter 2. Procedure of the Investigation 58
2.1 Research Area 58
2.2 Main Problem 59
2.3 Methodology 60
2.4 Focus 61
2.5 Outline 62
Part II: Sources 63
Chapter 3. Herod Antipas and Josephus 64
3.1 Introduction 64
3.2 Josephus as a Writer of History 65
3.2.1 Per Bilde 65
3.2.2 James S. McLaren 68
3.2.3 Uriel Rappaport 70
3.2.4 Steve Mason 72
3.2.5 Klaus-Stefan Krieger 76
3.2.6 Approaching Josephus 78
3.3 The Context 79
3.3.1 Antipater, the Founder of the Herodian Dynasty 79
3.3.2 Herod the Great 80
3.3.3 Archelaos 88
3.3.4 The Fourth Philosophy 90
3.3.5 Pilate 92
3.3.6 Philip the Tetrarch 93
3.3.7 Agrippa 1 94
3.3.8 Life 97
3.3.9 Partial Conclusion 100
3.4 Herod Antipas in the Writings of Josephus 101
3.4.1 Introduction 101
3.4.2 Herod Antipas and Rome 102
3.4.3 Herod Antipas and the Jewish Nation and Religion 105
3.4.4 Partial Conclusion 109
3.5 Chapter Conclusions 110
Chapter 4. Herod Antipas in Other Written Sources 112
4.1 Introduction 112
4.2 Traditions in Greek and Latin Writings 113
4.2.1 The Division of the Kingdom of Herod the Great 113
4.2.2 The Downfall of Archelaos 115
4.2.3 Pilate’s Votive Shields and the Jewish Embassy 117
4.3 The New Testament 120
4.3.1 Herod Antipas and Jesus in Mark and Matthew 121
4.3.2 Antipas and John the Baptist in Mark and Matthew 123
4.3.3 Herod Antipas and Luke - The Trial of Jesus 125
Luke 3:19-20 126
Luke 9:7-9 126
Luke 13:31-33 127
Luke 23:1-15 128
Acts 4:27 133
4.3.4 Partial Conclusion 133
4.4 Chapter Conclusions 135
Chapter 5. Herod Antipas and the Archaeology of Galilee 137
5.1 Introduction 137
5.2 Archaeological Theory and Methodology 138
5.2.1 Archaeological Methodology 138
5.2.2 Archaeological Theory 140
5.2.3 Partial Conclusion 144
5.3 Tiberias 146
5.3.1 The History of Tiberias 146
5.3.2 First-Century Tiberias According to Josephus 148
5.3.3 Archaeological Material from the First Century 149
The Southern Gate and the Car do 150
Wall 302, Possibly an Early-first-century Wall 151
Portions of a Magnificent Marble Floor and Wall Structures 152
Remnants of the Stadium 155
Lead Weights and Coins 156
Future Excavations 157
5.3.4 Archaeological Material from Later Periods 157
5.3.5 Partial Conclusion 159
5.4 Sepphoris 160
5.4.1 The History of Sepphoris 161
5.4.2 Roman Sepphoris According to Archaeological Material 162
The Water System 163
The Western Summit 163
The Theatre 165
The Roman Mansion with the Dionysos Mosaic 167
The Eastern Lower Plateau 168
5.4.3 Partial Conclusion 171
5.5 A Regional Perspective - Villages of Lower Galilee 173
5.5.1 Yodefat 174
5.5.2 Khirbet Cana 178
5.5.3 Capernaum 180
5.5.4 Gamla 186
5.5.5 Partial Conclusion 188
5.6 An Inter-Regional Perspective - Nearby Cities 190
5.6.1 Bordering Cities of Decapolis: Hippos, Gadara and Scythopolis 190
5.6.2 Herod the Great’s Caesarea Maritima 192
5.6.3 Partial Conclusion 195
5.7 Chapter Conclusions 196
Chapter 6. Message and Minting - The Coins of Herod Antipas 198
6.1 Introduction 198
6.2 Coinage on a Religio-Political and Socio-Economic Level 199
6.2.1 The Message; The Ban On Images 199
6.2.2 The Minting; Coinage Circulation, Monetization and Urbanization 201
6.3 The Context: Second Temple Coinage 203
6.3.1 The Hasmonean Coinage 203
6.3.2 TheCoinsof Herod the Great 205
6.3.3 TheCoinsof Archelaos 208
6.3.4 TheCoinsof Philip 209
6.3.5 TheCoinsof Agrippa 1 212
6.3.6 TheCoinsof the Roman Administration 213
6.4 The Coins of Herod Antipas 214
6.4.1 Images and Legends on the Coins of Antipas 215
6.4.2 Excursus: Two Monumental Inscriptions 220
6.4.3 The Circulation of the Coins of Antipas 223
6.5 Chapter Conclusions 225
Part III: Assessment 229
Chapter 7. Discussion and Synthesis 230
7.1 The Problem of Investigation in Perspective 230
7.2 Descriptions of Herod Antipas in Perspective 230
7.2.1 The Outer Perspective - Herod Antipas as a Roman Client Ruler 230
Herod Antipas and Augustus 231
Herod Antipas and Tiberius 233
Herod Antipas and Gaius Caligula 235
Herod Antipas: A Minor Roman Client Ruler 236
7.2.2 The Inner Perspective - Herod Antipas and His Jewish Subjects 237
Josephus 238
The New Testament 239
The Internal Power Balance of Jerusalem 241
The Coinage 243
Evidence from the Material Culture - A Covert Mode of Resistance? 245
Herod Antipas: An Adjusted Local Jewish Ruler 249
7.2.3 Partial Conclusion - The General Description of Herod Antipas 249
7.3 The Urbanization Programme of Antipas in Perspective 251
7.3.1 The Material Sources Describing Antipas’ First-Century Galilee 251
7.3.2 Chronological, Regional and Inter-Regional Perspectives 253
7.3.3 Sociological Models Applied 257
7.3.4 Partial Conclusion 259
Chapter 8. Conclusions 261
8.1 Two Pictures - Three Outputs 261
8.2 Main Conclusions 263
8.2.1 Herod Antipas: A Minor Ruler with a Moderate Impact 263
8.2.2 Argumentation 263
8.2.3 Substantiation 266
Bibliography 269
Figures 294
Index of Ancient Sources 308
1. Old Testament 308
2. New Testament 308
3. Josephus 309
4. Other Greek and Latin Sources 314
5. Rabbinic Sources 314
Index of Modern Authors 315
Index of Subjects and Key Terms 319