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African Archaeology / Африканская археология


Год: 2005 (3-е издание)
Автор: David W. Phillipson
Жанр: археология
Издательство: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0-521-83236-5
Язык: Английский
Формат: PDF
Качество: Изначально компьютерное (eBook)
Интерактивное оглавление: Да
Количество страниц: 406

Описание: Research in Africa is now accepted as an integral part of global archaeological studies. As well as providing archaeologists with their oldest material, Africa is also widely recognised as the birthplace of modern humans and their characteristic cultural patterns. Archaeological study of later periods provides unique and valuable evidence for the development of African culture and society, while ongoing research in Africa provides insights relevant to the interpretation of the archaeological record in other parts of the world. In this fully revised and expanded edition of his seminal archaeological survey, David Phillipson presents a lucid and fully illustrated account of African archaeology from prehistory and the origins of humanity to the age of European colonisation. The work spans the entire continent from the Mediterranean to the Cape of Good Hope and demonstrates the relevance of archaeological research to the understanding of Africa today.

DAVID W. PHILLIPSON FBA is Professor of African Archaeology and Director of the Museum of Archaeology & Anthropology at the University of
Cambridge. He is a Fellow of Gonville & Caius College, Cambridge.

List of illustrations ix
Sources of illustrations xiii
Preface xv

1
Introduction 1
Elucidating the African past 1
Archaeology in Africa 3
Linguistics 6
Oral traditions 9
Ethnoarchaeology 10
Africa in world prehistory 10

2
The emergence of humankind in Africa 15
Definition and process 15
World-wide precursors of the hominids 20
The earliest hominids 22
The oldest discoveries in eastern Africa 32
The Lake Turkana Basin and Olduvai Gorge 34
Central and south-central Africa 42
South Africa 42
The earliest tool-makers 47

3
The consolidation of basic human culture 52
Acheulean and Sangoan in Africa 52
Acheulean in eastern Africa 60
Acheulean in south-central Africa 68
Acheulean in southern Africa 73
Acheulean in West Africa and the Sahara 75
Acheulean in North Africa 77
Sangoan assemblages 81
Acheulean/Sangoan artefacts and their makers 84

4
Regional diversification and specialisation 91
The ‘Middle Stone Age’ and the ‘Late Stone Age’ 91
Southern Africa 96
South-central Africa 108
Rock art in southern and south-central Africa 111
Central Africa 116
Eastern Africa 122
West Africa 128
North Africa and the Sahara 131
Changing life-styles and technology 141

5
The beginnings of permanent settlement 147
North Africa, the Sahara and the Nile Valley 147
East Africa 156
Overview 159
African peoples 10,000 years ago 160

6
Early farmers 165
Cultivation and herding 165
The Sahara and North Africa 172
The Nile Valley 181
West and Central Africa 195
Ethiopia and the Horn 203
East Africa 206

7
Iron-using peoples before ad 1000 214
Iron 214
North Africa 216
Egypt and the Arab invasion 221
The Sudan 224
Ethiopia and adjacent regions 228
West Africa 234
Central Africa 245
Eastern and southern Africa 249
The contribution of Bantu linguistic studies 261
Mode of dispersal 265
Madagascar and the Comoro Islands 269
Stone-tool-using herders of southwestern Africa 269

8
The second millennium ad in sub-Saharan Africa 274
The last 1000 years 274
West Africa 275
Ethiopia, the southern Sudan and adjacent regions 284
The east coast of Africa 288
Bantu-speakers north of the Zambezi 291
Southeastern Africa 297
Southwestern Africa 307
Epilogue 308

Bibliographic guide 310

Bibliographic references 311

Index 369