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Fractals and dynamic systems in geoscience / Фракталы и динамические системы в геологии


Год: 1994
Автор: Kruhl J.E.(ed.) / Крул Д.Е. (ред.)
Издательство: Springer
ISBN: 354057848X
Язык: Английский
Формат: DjVu
Качество: Отсканированные страницы + слой распознанного текста
Количество страниц: 428

Описание: В книге рассказывается о применении фрактальной геометрии в структурной геологии, физике земли, минералогии. Fractal geometry allows the description of natural patterns and the establishment and testing of models of pattern formation. In particular, it is a tool for geoscientists. The aim of this volume is to give an overview of the applications of fractal geometry and the theory of dynamic systems in the geosciences. The state of the art is presented and the reader obtains an impression of the variety of fields for which fractal geometry is a useful tool and of the different methods of fractal geometry which can be applied. In addition to specific information about new applications of fractal geometry in structural geology, physics of the solid earth, and mineralogy, proposals and ideas about how fractal geometry can be applied in the reader's field of studies will be put forward.

Preface V
Part I Deformation and Tectonic Structures
1 Crustal Deformation and Fractals, a Review 7
D. L. Turcotte
2 Scaling Laws of Fragmentation 25
H. Nagahama & K. Yoshii
3 Fractal Structure and Deformation of Fractured Rock Masses 37
\:. Zhang & D..!. Sanderson
4 Multi-Scale Model of Damage Evolution in Stochastic Rocks:
Fractal Approach 53
V 1 Silberschmidt & V. G. Silberschmidt
5 Fractal Characteristics of Joint Development in Stochastic Rocks 65
V. V Si lberschmidt
6 Correlation of Fractal Surface Description Parameters
with Fracture Toughness 77
Z. Kri.vtakova & A1. K upkova
7 Fractal Dimension of Fracture Patterns - a Computer Simulation 87
A1. K upkova & Z. Kristakova
8 The Formation of Extensional Veins:
An Application of the Cantor-Dust Model 95
.!.ll. Kruhl
2 Contents
9 Fractal Fault Displacements:
A Case Study from the Moray Firth, Scotland 105
G. Pickering, MJ. Bull, D.J. Sanderson & P. V. Harrison
10 High-Temperature Viscoelastic Behaviour and Long Time Tail of Rocks 121
H. Nagahama
11 The Fractal Geometry of Patterned Structures in
Numerical Models of Rock Deformation 131
A.Ord
Part II Physical Features and Behaviour of the Earth
12 Non-Linear Processes in Earthquake Prediction Research, a Review 159
R. Meissner
13 Fractal Analysis as a Tool to Detect Seismic Cycle Phases 169
G. Rossi
14 Binary Descriptions of Stick-Slip Phenomena 181
M Markus, H. Emmerich, C. Schafer, P. Almeida & A. Ribeiro
15 Main Topics of Fractal Research into Earthquakes in China, a Review 197
S. Di ao & H. Chao
16 Evidence for Self-Similarities in the Harmonic Development
of Earth Tides 213
H.-J. Kiimpel
17 Global Relief: Evidence of Fractal Geometry 221
S. S. Ivanov
Part III Formation, Structure and Distribution
of Minerals and Matter
18 Fractal Geometry and the Mining Industry, a Review
B. H. Kaye
233
19 The Fractal Distribution of Gold Deposits:
Two Examples from the Zimbabwe Archaean Craton
T. Blenkinsop
247
Contents 3
20 Self-Organization of Mineral Fabrics 259
K.-H. Jacob, S. Dietrich & H.-J. Krug
21 The Formation and Fragmentation of Periodic Bands Through
Precipitation and Ostwald Ripening 269
H.-J. Krug, K.-H. Jacob & S. Dietrich
22 Agates, Geodes, Concretions and Orbicules:
Self-Organized Zoning and Morphology 283
P. Ortoleva, Y. Chen & W Chen
23 The Formation of Manganese Dendrites
as the Mineral Record of Flow Structures 307
J.M. Garcia-Ruiz, F Otalora, A. Sanchez-Navas &
FJ. Higes-Rolando
24 Structure and Fractal Properties in Geological Crystallization Processes
Due to Nucleation and Growth 319
1. Orgzal/ & B. Lorenz
25 Fractal Structure of Quasicrystals 337
B. Shen
26 Protolytic Weathering of Montmorillonite,
Described by Its Effective Surface Fractal Dimension 349
J. Niemeyer & G. Machul/a
27 Characteristics and Evolution of Artificial Anisotropic Rocks 355
R. Ondrak, U. Bayer & O. Kahle
28 Characteristic Multifractal Element Distributions
in Recent Bioactive Marine Sediments 369
J. Kropp, A. Block. W. von Bloh, T. Klenke & H. -J. Schel/nhuber
29 Fractal Analyses of Pleistocene Marine Oxygen Isotope Records 377
M. Schulz, M. Mudelsee & T.C. W Wol.f-Wel/ing
Part IV Methods
30 "Counter-Scaling" Method for Estimation of Fractal Properties
of Self- Affine Objects
S. S. Ivanov
391
4 Contents
31 Application of the Grassberger-Procaccia Algorithm to the () 18 0 Record
from ODP Site 659: Selected Methodical Aspects 399
M Mudelsee & K. Stattegger
Appendix: List of Reviewers 415
Subject Index 417

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